As of March 15, 2025, an outbreak of diphtheria has been confirmed at King’s College Annex, Victoria Island, Lagos. Health authorities have reported 14 confirmed cases, with one fatality—a 12-year-old student who succumbed to myocarditis, a severe complication of diphtheria, on March 6, 2025.
Diphtheria is not a disease you hear about every day, but when it does appear, it demands urgent attention. This highly contagious bacterial infection, caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, primarily affects the respiratory system and can lead to life-threatening complications if left untreated. The bacteria release toxins that attack healthy tissues, forming a thick, gray coating in the throat or nose, which can make breathing and swallowing difficult.
The disease spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can also spread via direct contact with infected wounds or contaminated surfaces. While vaccination has significantly reduced its prevalence, outbreaks can still occur, especially in crowded environments where immunity levels may be low.
The Lagos State Ministry of Health has swiftly responded by launching containment measures to prevent further spread. The affected students were promptly hospitalized and treated with antibiotics and diphtheria antitoxin serum. Fortunately, all patients are currently in stable condition and recovering under close medical supervision.
Government Response and Containment Efforts
To curb the outbreak, the Lagos State Government has implemented the following measures:
- Emergency Response Activation: A task force has been set up to oversee containment and treatment efforts.
- Mass Vaccination Campaign: Health officials have begun immunizing students, staff, and other potentially exposed individuals at King’s College to boost immunity levels.
- Facility Inspections: School premises, including dormitories, classrooms, and dining areas, are being inspected to identify potential sources of infection.
- Public Awareness Campaigns: Information leaflets are being distributed, and health officials are educating the public on symptoms, prevention, and the importance of vaccination.
Recognizing the Symptoms of Diphtheria
Diphtheria symptoms typically appear 2–5 days after exposure. Early signs may resemble those of a common cold or flu but can rapidly worsen. Key symptoms include:
- Sore throat and difficulty swallowing
- Fever and chills
- Swollen glands in the neck (bull neck)
- Weakness and fatigue
- Thick, gray coating in the throat or nose
- Breathing difficulties
If you or someone around you shows these symptoms, seek medical attention immediately to prevent complications.
How to Protect Yourself
Diphtheria is preventable through vaccination, which is part of routine childhood immunization schedules. However, adults who have not received a booster in the last 10 years should consider getting one, especially in light of the current outbreak.
Other preventive measures include:
- Frequent handwashing with soap and water
- Avoiding close contact with symptomatic individuals
- Keeping surroundings clean and disinfecting commonly touched surfaces
What Should You Do If You Suspect Diphtheria?
If you or someone close to you develops symptoms, do not delay medical treatment. Diphtheria progresses rapidly, and early intervention is crucial to recovery. The standard treatment involves:
- Antibiotics to kill the bacteria
- Antitoxins to neutralize the toxin produced by the bacteria
In severe cases, hospitalization may be required to manage breathing difficulties and other complications.
Staying Informed and Vigilant
Diphtheria is serious, but with proper awareness, vaccination, and hygiene practices, we can contain its spread. Stay updated with information from reputable sources such as the Lagos State Ministry of Health and encourage those around you to get vaccinated.
The Lagos State Government, in collaboration with federal health agencies, continues to monitor the situation closely and is committed to safeguarding public health through these proactive measures.saharareporters.com
For a visual overview of the situation, you can watch the following news report:
